Cold & Flu

A cold happens when viruses come into contact with the sensitive lining of the nose and throat, causing symptoms like irritation, mild fever, and aches. Rhinoviruses are the most common culprits among over 200 viruses that cause colds.

Your child might catch these viruses while playing with other kids, handling contaminated toys, or sharing personal belongings.

• Runny or stuffy nose
• Sneezing and coughing
• Sore throat and ear discomfort
• Mild fever
• Swollen lymph nodes
• Irritated eyes

There’s no cure for the common cold, but you can help your child feel better by providing rest and comfort at home.

• Use paracetamol or ibuprofen for fever and aches (only for children over three) following instructions.
• Don’t force eating; let your child eat when hungry.
• If age-appropriate, a small spoonful of honey at bedtime can soothe coughs.
• Encourage plenty of rest and fluids.
• Avoid antibiotics unless prescribed, as they don’t treat viruses and may cause side effects.

Influenza, or the flu, is a viral infection that affects the lungs’ airways. There are several types of flu viruses:

• Type C Influenza: Usually causes mild symptoms lasting about a week.
• Types A and B Influenza: These may cause more severe illness and sometimes require medical care.

The flu spreads through coughs, sneezes, and touching infected surfaces. Since it’s highly contagious, especially in colder weather, frequent handwashing and yearly flu vaccines are important preventive steps.

• Fever with chills
• Headache and body aches
• Sore throat
• Runny nose
• Cough
• Loss of appetite
• Stomach pain with nausea or vomiting
• Diarrhea
• Fatigue

Flu treatment aims to ease symptoms and prevent complications. Your child’s doctor might recommend:

• Antiviral medications: When started early, they lessen symptoms and reduce risks of ear infections or hospitalization.
• Tylenol: Helps lower fever and relieve aches and chills.

Avoid aspirin in children as it can lead to serious conditions like Reye’s syndrome. Prompt medical care is key once symptoms begin.

Also, ensure your child rests well and stays hydrated to help recovery.

Sometimes, what seems like a cold might be the flu or a more serious illness such as pneumonia or strep throat. If you’re unsure, it’s best to consult your pediatrician to determine the cause.

Watch for these signs that require urgent care:

• Worsening symptoms
• Cough producing phlegm
• Difficulty breathing
• Fever above 105° F
• Chest pain or pressure
• Blue tint on lips or face
• Difficulty staying awake
• Severe muscle pain
• Changes in urine color

The best way to protect your child is prevention. Annual flu vaccines are essential to reduce spread during respiratory virus season. Flu shots protect your child and help the whole community stay healthier.

You can also lower risk by:

• Washing hands thoroughly before meals and after playing with others
• Using hand sanitizer with at least 60% alcohol
• Keeping shared surfaces clean with alcohol wipes
• Covering mouth and nose properly when coughing or sneezing
• Not sharing water bottles, food, or utensils

From everyday illnesses to chronic conditions, Sammy Kim, MD offers caring, trusted pediatric services to support your child’s health.

We provide same-day appointments in our Encino, CA clinic. Call us at (818) 789-0941 or contact us online to schedule your visit.